Education plays a vital role in promoting social equity, economic development, and individual advancement. Despite significant policy initiatives and improvements in educational access, educational disparities continue to persist in India due to differences in socioeconomic conditions, parental education, home learning environments, and school quality. The present review paper examines the impact of parental education, home learning environment, and school quality on students' learning attitudes, academic achievement, and educational disparities in India. The study specifically aims to investigate how parental education influences students' learning attitudes and academic performance and to explore how parental education, home learning environment, and school quality collectively contribute to reducing or widening educational disparities. A comprehensive review of existing literature reveals that parental education significantly affects students' motivation, learning habits, aspirations, and academic success. Similarly, a supportive home learning environment characterized by educational resources, parental involvement, and positive learning experiences enhances student achievement. School quality, including infrastructure, teacher competence, learning resources, and school climate, also plays a crucial role in shaping educational outcomes. The review further indicates that disparities in these factors often lead to unequal educational opportunities among students from different social and economic backgrounds. The study concludes that improving parental awareness, strengthening home learning support, and enhancing school quality are essential for reducing educational inequalities and promoting equitable educational outcomes in India.